802.15 WG - Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Working Group

Robert Heile

This standard defines an Upper Layer Interface (ULI) sublayer in Layer 2 (L2), between Layer 3 (L3) and the IEEE 802.15.4 Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer. The ULI provides data and management service access points (SAPs) for interface to the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. The ULI adapts L3 protocols and provides operational configuration including network and radio regulation requirements of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. Further more, the ULI integrates optional upper Layer 2 functionalities focused on interfacing to the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC such as Key Management Protocols (KMPs), L2 routing (L2R) protocols, L2 fragmentation, and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) IPv6 over the TimeSlotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode of IEEE Std 802.15.4 (6TiSCH) Operation Protocol (6TOP). Finally, the ULI provides protocol differentiation, using mechanisms such as EtherType Protocol Differentiation (EPD) to support multiple, diverse higher layer protocols, and header compression.

This standard defines a Physical (PHY) and Media Access Control (MAC) layer using light wavelengths from 10 000 nm to 190 nm in optically transparent media for optical wireless communications. The standard is capable of delivering data rates up to 10 Gb/s at distances in the range of 200 m unrestricted line of sight. It is designed for point to point and point to multi point communications in both non-coordinated and coordinated topologies. For coordinated topologies with more than one peer coordinator there will be a master coordinator. The standard includes adaptation to varying channel conditions and maintaining connectivity while moving within the range of a single coordinator or moving between coordinators.

This standard specifies the architecture, abstraction layers, interfaces and metadata requirements for Spectrum Characterization and Occupancy Sensing (SCOS) system, and defines performance parameters, units and measures. This SCOS system comprises one or more semi-autonomous Spectrum Sensing Devices which scan electromagnetic spectrum, digitize it and perform processing, transmitting the resultant data with appropriate metadata to a central storage and processing system, according to rules, policies or instructions imposed on the Spectrum Sensing Devices by a management system.

The existing low-energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) frequency shift keying (FSK) physical layer of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015 is extended to be more robust in presence of interference and achieve higher link budgets for applications in low power wide area networks (LPWAN). Lower symbol rates and a split mode with low rate forward error correction (FEC) codes are introduced to achieve this goal.

This amendment defines security extensions to IEEE Std 802.15.4 adding AES-256-CCM plus a cipher suite/authentication method registry and a process for inclusion of additional algorithms. The registry defines a capability to align IEEE Std 802.15.4 with the security requirements of higher layer standards.

This standard defines security key management extensions to address session key generation (both 128-bit and 256-bit key lengths), the creation and/or transport of broadcast/multicast keys, and security algorithm agility. This standard maintains backwards compatibility with IEEE Std 802.15.9-2016.

This project specifies Time Division Duplexing (TDD) operation in licensed spectrum with channel bandwidths greater than or equal to 5 kHz and less than 100 kHz. The project will specify a new PHY, and changes to the MAC as necessary to support the PHY. The amendment is frequency independent but focuses on spectrum less than 2 GHz. The range and data rate supported by the narrower channels are commensurate with those of the base standard, as scaled by the reduced channel bandwidth. The project also amends IEEE Std 802.16 as required to support aggregated operation in adjacent and non-adjacent channels.

This amendment enhances the HRP and LRP UWB PHYs and associated ranging techniques. Areas of enhancement include additional coding and preamble options, improvements to existing modulations to increase the integrity and accuracy of the ranging measurements, and additional information element definitions to facilitate ranging information exchange. The amendment defines MAC changes to support these PHY enhancements. Typical range of the radio is up to 100 meters.

The protocol and compatible interconnection of data and multimedia communication equipment via 2.4 GHz radio transmissions in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) using low power and multiple modulation formats to support scalable data rates is defined in this standard. The Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer protocol supports both isochronous and asynchronous data types

This recommended practice addresses the issue of coexistence of wireless local area networks and wireless personal area networks. These wireless networks often operate in the same unlicensed band. This recommended practice describes coexistence mechanisms that can be used to facilitate coexistence of wireless local area networks (i.e., IEEE Std 802.11b-1999) and wireless personal area networks (i.e., IEEE Std 802.15.1-2002).

Superseded by IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006 IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003 defined the protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low- data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN). This revision extends the market applicability of IEEE Std 802.15.4, removes ambiguities in the standard, and makes improvements revealed by implementations of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003.

Methods for communicating devices in a Personal Area Network.

This amendment provides corrections and optimizations to IEEE Std 802.15.3-2003. The management service access points (SAPs) have been completely updated to create a consistent, logical interface. As a consequence, most of the message sequence charts (MSCs) in the medium access control (MAC) functional specification have been updated as well. Channel time usage is more efficient with the addition of multiple contention periods, releasing channel time, implied acknowledgment, and multicast groups. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost.

This standard defines the protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power and low-complexity, short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN).

The scope is to provide a recommended practice to provide the architectural framework enabling WPAN devices to promote interoperable, stable, and scalable wireless mesh topologies and, if needed, to provide the amendment text to the current WPAN standards that is required to implement this recommended practice.

This amendment defines and alternative physical layer (PHY) for IEEE Std 802.15.3-2003. Three PHY modes have been defined that enable data rates in excess of 5 Gb/s using the 60 GHz band. A beam forming protocol has been defined to improve the range of communicating devices. Aggregation and block acknowledgment have been defined to improve the medium access control (MAC) efficiency at the high data rates provided for by the PHY.

This amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006 is limited to defining a new PHY and such changes to the MAC as are necessary to support a new frequency allocation (950 MHz) in Japan. The amendment shall completely follow the new technical conditions described in Japanese ministerial ordinance. The amendment shall coexist with passive tag systems in the band.

This amendment defines alternate PHY and modifications to the MAC needed to support the PHY that complies with the applicable Chinese regulations, Radio Management of P. R. of China doc. # 6326360786867187500 or current document, for one or more of the 314-316 MHz, 430-434 MHz, and 779-787 MHz frequency bands.

In this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4TM-2011, a physical layer for IEEE 802.15.4 in the 2360 MHz to 2400 MHz band which complies with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) MBAN rules is defined. Modifications to the MAC needed to support this new physical layer are also defined in this amendment.

Two PHYs (DSSS and FSK) that support critical infrastructure monitoring applications are provided in this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4TM-2011. In addition, only those MAC modifications needed to support the implementation of the two PHYs are described in this amendment.

The protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN) were defined in IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006. In this revision, the market applicability of IEEE Std 802.15.4 is extended, the ambiguities in the standard are removed, and the improvements learned from implementations of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2006 are included.

IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011 is amended by this standard. The intention of this amendment is to enhance and add functionality to the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC to (a) better support the industrial markets and (b) permit compatibility with modifications being proposed within the Chinese WPAN.

This amendment provides two PHYs (MSK and LRP UWB) that can be used in a wide range of applications requiring various combinations of low cost, low energy consumption, multiyear battery life, reliable communications, precision location, and reader options. This PHY standard supports the performance and flexibility needed for future mass deployments of highly populated autonomous active RFID systems anywhere in the world.

In this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011, outdoor low-data-rate, wireless, smart metering utility network requirements are addressed. Alternate PHYs are defined as well as only those MAC modifications needed to support their implementation.

A PHY and a MAC layer for short-range optical wireless communications using visible light in optically transparent media are defined. The visible light spectrum extends from 380 nm to 780 nm in wavelength. The standard is capable of delivering data rates sufficient to support audio and video multimedia services and also considers mobility of the visible link, compatibility with visible-light infrastructures, impairments due to noise and interference from sources like ambient light and a MAC layer that accommodates visible links. The standard adheres to applicable eye safety regulations. (The PDF of this standard is available for free download compliments of the IEEE GET Program. For more details go to https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

In this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4(TM)-2011, outdoor low-data-rate, wireless, television white space (TVWS) network requirements are addressed. Alternate physical layers (PHYs) are defined as well as only the medium access control (MAC) modifications needed to support their implementation.

Short-range, wireless communications in the vicinity of, or inside, a human body (but not limited to humans) are specified in this standard. It uses existing industrial scientific medical (ISM) bands as well as frequency bands approved by national medical and/or regulatory authorities. Support for quality of service (QoS), extremely low power, and data rates up to 10 Mbps is required while simultaneously complying with strict non-interference guidelines where needed. This standard considers effects on portable antennas due to the presence of a person (varying with male, female, skinny, heavy, etc.), radiation pattern shaping to minimize the specific absorption rate (SAR) into the body, and changes in characteristics as a result of the user motions. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page compliments of the IEEE GET program.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) of the People?s Republic of China has approved the 174--216 MHz, 407--425 MHz, and 608--630 MHz bands for medical information transmission. China medical band (CMB) devices operating within these bands conform to a set of rules specified in MIIT Doc 423-2005, which restricts use of the band to only medical, non-voice use under direction of a healthcare practitioner, among other requirements. A physical layer (PHY) for devices operating on Chinese approved bands for medical signals is defined in this amendment. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

Physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) mechanisms are defined in this standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs) peer aware communications (PAC) optimized for peer-to-peer and infrastructure-less communications with fully distributed coordination. PAC features include discovery for peer information without association, discovery signaling rate typically greater than 100 kb/s, discovery of the number of devices in the network, scalable data transmission rates typically up to 10 Mb/s, group communications with simultaneous membership in multiple groups typically up to 10, relative positioning, security, and operation in selected globally available unlicensed/licensed bands below 11 GHz capable of supporting these requirements. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost to you compliments of the IEEE GET program https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=8287782)

Two alternate physical layers (PHYs), TASK and RS-GFSK, are specified in this amendment in addition to the PHYs of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015. The amendment also defines the medium access control (MAC) modifications needed to support the implementation of the TASK and RS-GFSK PHYs. These alternate PHYs enable low-cost, ultra-low power consumption, as well as extended battery life, in various frequency bands and geographical regions under multiple regulatory domains. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

This amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4(TM)-2011 specifies a PHY for use in equipment intended to address rail transportation industry needs and to meet US positive train control (PTC) regulatory requirements and similar regulatory requirements in other parts of the world. In addition, the amendment describes only those MAC changes needed to support this PHY.

The routing of packets in dynamically changing wireless networks is facilitated in this recommended practice. The result is an extension of the area of coverage as the number of nodes increase. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/)

The protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN) are defined in this standard. A variety of physical layers (PHYs) have been defined that cover a wide variety of frequency bands. (The PDF of the standard is available at no cost at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page compliments of the GETIEEE standards program)

Definitions of MAC related functions to enable spectrum resource management are addressed in this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4?. It specifies the following: ? Spectrum resource measurements and network performance metrics, such as packet error ratio, delay, etc. ? Information elements and data structures to capture these measurements, ? Procedures for collecting and exchanging spectrum resource measurement information with higher layers or other devices. The PDF of this standard is available at no cost to you compliments of the IEEE GET program. Visit https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page for more details.

An alternative physical layer (PHY) and a modified medium access control (MAC) layer is defined in this amendment. Two PHY modes have been defined that enable data rates up to 100 Gb/s using the 60 GHz band. MIMO and aggregation methods have been defined to increase the maximum achievable communication speeds. Stack acknowledgment has been defined to improve the medium access control (MAC) efficiency when used in a point-to-point (P2P) topology between two devices. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/)

A message exchange framework based on information elements as a transport method for key management protocol (KMP) datagrams and guidelines for the use of some existing KMPs with IEEE Std 802.15.4? are defined in the recommended practice. A new KMP is not created in this recommended practice. In support of KMP transmission and reception, a generic multiplexed data service layer that can be used to transmit large packets from the upper KMP to another peer is also provided in this recommended practice. The multiplexed data service provides a fragmentation and multiplexing layer for those packets so they can be delivered over smaller MAC layer frames and multiplexed on the recipient end to the right processing service. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

The protocol and compatible interconnection of data and multimedia communication equipment via 2.4 GHz and 60 GHz radio transmissions in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) using low power and multiple modulation formats to support scalable data rates is defined in this standard. The Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer protocol supports both isochronous and asynchronous data types. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

An alternative physical layer (PHY) at the lower THz frequency range between 252 GHz and 325 GHz for switched point-to-point links is defined in this amendment. Two PHY modes are defined that enable data rates of up to 100 Gb/s using eight different bandwidths between 2.16 GHz and 69.12 GHz. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost to you thru the IEEE GET program http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=8066474)

This amendment defines a physical layer for IEEE Std 802.15.4(TM)-2015, capable of supporting 2 Mb/s data rates, utilizing the 2400-2483.5 MHz band, having backwards-compatibility to, and the same occupied bandwidth as, the present 2450 MHz O-QPSK physical layer, and capable of simple implementation. Target range should be at least 10 meters. This amendment defines modifications to the medium access control (MAC) sublayer needed to support this new physical layer. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7900313)

A physical (PHY) layer enabling the use of the 865 MHz to 867 MHz band in India is defined in this amendment. The supported data rate should be at least 40 kb/s and the typical line-of-sight range should be on the order of 5 km using an omni directional antenna. Included are any channel access and/or timing changes in the medium access control necessary to support this PHY layer. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/)

The smart utility network (SUN) physical layers (PHYs) in IEEE Std 802.15.4(TM)-2015 are changed by this amendment to enable the use of the 870--876 MHz and 915--921 MHz bands in Europe, the 902--928 MHz band in Mexico, the 902--907.5 MHz and 915--928 MHz bands in Brazil, and the 915--928 MHz band in Australia and New Zealand. Additional Asian regional frequency bands are also specified in this amendment. Furthermore, the amendment changes the channel parameters listed for the SUN PHYs, the low energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) PHY, and the television white space (TVWS) PHY for the 470?510 MHz band in China and the 863--870 MHz band in Europe and aligns these channel parameters with regional requirements. The amendment includes channel access and/or timing changes to the medium access control (MAC) necessary for conformance to regional requirements for these bands. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET Program https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page)

A physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) sublayer for short-range optical wireless communications (OWC) in optically transparent media using light wavelengths from 10 000 nm to 190 nm are defined. The standard is capable of delivering data rates sufficient to support audio and video multimedia services and also considers mobility of the optical link, compatibility with various light infrastructures, impairments due to noise and interference from sources like ambient light, and a MAC sublayer that accommodates the unique needs of visible links as well as the other targeted light wavelengths. It also accommodates optical communications for cameras where transmitting devices incorporate light-emitting sources and receivers are digital cameras with a lens and image sensor. The standard adheres to applicable eye safety regulations. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/series?id=68.)

Extend the RF channelization of the millimeter wave PHY to allow for use of the spectrum up to 71 GHz.

The protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN) are defined in this standard. A variety of physical layers (PHYs) have been defined that cover a wide variety of frequency bands

Errors, inconsistencies, and ambiguities in IEEE Std 802.15.4?-2015 are corrected in this corrigendum.

This amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.10 fully defines how the addressing and route information (already defined in the recommended practice) are to be used by the routing modes (also currently defined in the recommended practice), including at least the following: end-to-end (E2E) acknowledgment from mesh route in non-storing mode; peer-to-peer (P2P) routing using a combination of up/down routing in non-storing mode; on-demand P2P routing for E2E acknowledgment in non-storing mode; on-demand path storing when sending unicast in non-storing mode.

Enhancements to the IEEE 802.15.4(TM) smart utility network (SUN) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) physical layers (PHYs) that enable support for data rates up to 2.4 Mb/s are defined by this amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4(TM)-2015. This amendment also defines additional channel plans, as needed, to support emerging applications. (The PDF of this standard is available at no cost compliments of the IEEE GET program at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/browse/standards/get-program/page/series?id=68)

Short-range, wireless communications in the vicinity of, or inside, a human body (but not limited to humans) are specified in this standard. It uses existing industrial scientific medical (ISM) bands as well as frequency bands approved by national medical and/or regulatory authorities. Support for quality of service (QoS), extremely low power, and data rates up to 10 Mbps is required while simultaneously complying with strict non-interference guidelines where needed. This standard considers effects on portable antennas due to the presence of a person (varying with male, female, skinny, heavy, etc.), radiation pattern shaping to minimize the specific absorption rate (SAR) into the body, and changes in characteristics as a result of the user motions.

The protocol and compatible interconnection of data and multimedia communication equipment via 2.4 GHz and 60 GHz radio transmissions in a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) using low power and multiple modulation formats to support scalable data rates is defined in this standard. The Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer protocol supports both isochronous and asynchronous data types.