SENSR_WG - Sensors Working Group

Austin Prach

The specification and test requirements for a linear, single-axis, nongyroscopic accelerometer for use in inertial navigation, guidance, and leveling systems are defined. A standard specification format guide and a compilation of recommended test procedures for such accelerometers are provided. Informative annexes are given on the various types of such accelerometers (force or pendulous torque rebalance with analog or digital output, vibrating beam, and micromechanical) and error effects, on filtering, noise, and transient analysis techniques, and on calibration and modeling techniques (multipoint tumble analysis, vibration and shock test analyses, and geophysical effects in inertial instrument testing).

This standard provides a source of definitions of terminology used in the development, manufacture, and test of inertial instruments used for navigation, guidance, orientation, stabilization, and related applications. This is a companion document to IEEE Std 1559(TM)

This specification defines the requirements for a single-degree-of-freedom spring-restrained rate gyro for [aircraft, missile, spacecraft,______] applications. The rate gyro shall be capable of providing [(dc, ac) voltage outputs proportional to angular rate inputs up to______ degrees per second, a switch closure(s) at angular rates (exceeding,less than)______ (+,-,?)______ degrees per second]. An errata is available at http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/292-1969.pdf

Recommended rate gyro test procedures derived from those currently in use, including test conditions to be considered, are compiled. In some cases alternate methods for measuring a performance characteristic have been included. This standard is intended to be a guide in the preparation of Section 4 of a specification that follows the format of IEEE Std 292, Specification Format for Single-Degree-of-Freedom Spring-Restrained Rate Gyros.

Terms and definitions relating to inertial sensors are presented in this standard. Usage asunderstood by the inertial sensor community is given preference over general technical usage of theterms herein. The criterion for inclusion of a term and its definition in this standard is usefulness asrelated to inertial sensor technology.

A specification format guide for the preparation of a rate-integrating gyroscope specification is presented. Recommended procedures for testing a rate-integrating gyroscope are compiled. This standard, when combined with IEEE Std 517-1974 (R1980), defines the requirements and test procedures in terms of characteristics unique to the gyroscope or those applications in which the dynamic angular inputs are significantly greater than the limitations identified in IEEE Std 517. (An errata is available for this standard at http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/529-1980.pdf)

A guide is presented for the preparation of a specification and test procedure for an inertial angular sensor that provides a common meeting ground of terminolgy and practice for manufacturers and users of an array of sensors that have been developed to meet needs not easily met by traditional spinning-rotor gyroscopes. A test procedure for verifying that the specifications have been met is given. The standard is not intended to compete with existing standards for specific devices with highly specific models and error sources, such as spring-restrained rate gyros, but to provide a uniform guide for those inertial angular sensors that have not been covered elsewhere.

A format guide for the preparation of a two-degree-of-freedom dynamically tuned gyro (DTG) specification is given that provides a common ground of terminology and practice for manufacturers and users. A compilation of recommended procedures for testing a DTG is also given. The requirements and test procedures are defined in terms unique to the DTG. They cover applications of the gyro as an angular motion sensor in navigation and control systems. They apply to two modes of use: (1) as a strap-down sensor in operating environments typical of aircraft and missile applications, and (2) as a sensor in gimballed platform applications in which the dynamic angular inputs to which the gyro is subjected are benign relative to the accuracy required. In the case of the strap-down DTG, the characteristics of the external capture loops are considered to the extent necessary to define the gyro performance.

Specification and test requirements for a single-axis interferometric fiber optic gyro (IFOG) for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, angular displacement measuring systems, and angular rate measuring systems are defined. A standard specification format guide for the preparation of a single-axis IFOG is provided. A compilation of recommended procedures for testing a fiber optic gyro, derived from those presently used in the industry, is also provided.

Test equipment, data acquisition equipment, instrumentation, test facilities, and data analysis techniques used in inertial sensor testing are described in this recommended practice. An errata for this standard is available at http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/1554-2005.pdf

Specification and test requirements for a single-axis ring laser gyro (RLG) for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, angular displacement measuring systems, and angular rate measuring systems are defined. A standard specification format guide for the preparation of a single-axis RLG is provided. A compilation of recommended procedures for testing an RLG, derived from those presently used in the industry, is also provided. An errata is available at http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/647-2006.pdf

This recommended practice describes the conduct and analysis of precision tests that are to be performed on linear accelerometers using centrifuge techniques. The term ?precision,? in this context, refers to tests that are conducted to evaluate accelerometer parameters, as opposed to those conducted to establish environmental survivability only. Evaluation may take the form of determining the coefficients of the accelerometer?s model equation, except for bias and scale factor, which are most accurately determined by static multi-position tests. Alternatively, evaluation may only establish that the accelerometer output complies with specific error limit criteria.

Specification and test requirements for a single-axis Coriolis vibratory gyro (CVG) for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, angular displacement measuring systems, and angular rate measuring systems are defined. A standard specification format guide for the preparation of a single-axis CVG is provided. A compilation of recommended procedures for testing a CVG, derived from those presently used in the industry, is also provided. Informative annexes cover CVG design features and theoretical principles of operation.

Corrigendum to IEEE Std 1293-1998. Specification and test requirements for linear, single-axis, nongyroscopic accelerometers for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, linear displacement measuring systems, and linear rate measuring systems are defined. The specification format guide and test procedure standard applies to force-rebalance accelerometers (pendulous or translational proof mass), vibrating beam accelerometers (VBAs), and micromechanical accelerometers that range from lesser accuracy to high accuracy devices.

Corrigendum to IEEE Std 1431-2004.

IEEE Std 671-1985 provides specifications and test requirements for a non-gyroscopic inertial angular sensor that may measure angular jerk, acceleration, rate, or displacement with or without response down to zero frequency. A standard specification format is provided. A compilation of recommended test procedures, derived from those presently used in the industry, is also provided. Informative annexes cover design features and theoretical principles of operation. This corrigendum makes changes to 4.7.2.6 to delete a sentence that does not belong there, to add a subclause that was inadvertently left out, and to renumber the existing subclauses. Changes are also being made to fix the block diagrams in Annex A, to correct a misspelling of inertia, and to add a missing symbol.

Correction to Table 1 on page 14 of IEEE Std 293-1969

Corrections are made by this corrigendum to material already published in IEEE Std 529-1980.

Errors identified in IEEE Std 952-1997 are corrected in this corrigendum. Corrections are made to Figure 1 and in subclauses 5.3.4, 8.3, 12.11.4.3.2, 12.11.4.3.3, 12.11.4.3.4, 12.12.3.1, and 12.12.4.1.