IEEE Std 1547™-2003 IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems -Description
Abstract: This standard is the first in the 1547 series of interconnection standards and is a benchmark milestone demonstrating the open consensus process for standards development. Traditionally, utility electric power systems (EPS--grid or utility grid) were not designed to accommodate active generation and storage at the distribution level. As a result, there are major issues and obstacles to an orderly transition to using and integrating distributed power resources with the grid. The lack of uniform national interconnection standards and tests for interconnection operation and certification, as well as the lack of uniform national building, electrical, and safety codes, are understood. IEEE Std 1547 and its development demonstrate a model for ongoing success in establishing additional interconnection agreements, rules, and standards, on a national, regional, and state level. IEEE Std 1547 has the potential to be used in federal legislation and rule making and state public utilities commission (PUC) deliberations, and by over 3000 utilities in formulating technical requirements for interconnection agreements for distributed generators powering the electric grid.This standard focuses on the technical specifications for, and testing of, the interconnection itself. It provides requirements relevant to the performance, operation, testing, safety considerations, and maintenance of the interconnection. It includes general requirements, response to abnormal conditions, power quality, islanding, and test specifications and requirements for design, production, installation evaluation, commissioning, and periodic tests. The stated requirements are universally needed for interconnection of distributed resources (DR), including synchronous machines, induction machines, or power inverters/converters and will be sufficient for most installations. The criteria and requirements are applicable to all DR technologies, with aggregate capacity of 10 MVA or less at the point of common coupling, interconnected to electric power systems at typical primary and/or secondary distribution voltages. Installation of DR on radial primary and secondary distribution systems is the main emphasis of this document, although installation of DR on primary and secondary network distribution systems is considered. This standard is written considering that the DR is a 60 Hz source.
Keywords: certification, codes, commissioning, dc injection, design, field, installation, production tests, communications, diesel generators, distributed generation, power, resources, electric distribution systems, dispersed generation, storage, energy storage, faults, flicker, fuel cells, generators, grid, harmonics, IEEE, induction machines, inverters, interconnection requirements and specifications, islanding, microturbines, monitoring and control, paralleling, power converters, networks, quality, photovoltaic power systems, point of common coupling, public utility commissions, reclosing coordination, regulations, rule making, federal, national, regional, state, standards, synchronous machines, testing, utilities, wind energy systems
Content
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
1.3 Limitations
2. References
3. Definitions and acronyms
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Acronyms
4. Interconnection technical specifications and requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Voltage regulation
4.1.2 Integration with Area EPS grounding
4.1.3 Synchronization
4.1.4 Distributed resources on distribution secondary grid and spot networks
4.1.5 Inadvertent energization of the Area EPS
4.1.6 Monitoring provisions
4.1.7 Isolation device
4.1.8 Interconnect integrity
4.2 Response to Area EPS abnormal conditions
4.2.1 Area EPS faults
4.2.2 Area EPS reclosing coordination
4.2.3 Voltage
4.2.4 Frequency
4.2.5 Loss of synchronism
4.2.6 Reconnection to Area EPS
4.3 Power quality
4.3.1 Limitation of dc injection
4.3.2 Limitation of flicker induced by the DR
4.3.3 Harmonics
4.4 Islanding
4.4.1 Unintentional islanding
4.4.2 Intentional islanding
5. Interconnection test specifications and requirements
