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IEEE Std 802.1Q™, 2003 Edition Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks -Description

Abstract: This standard defines an architecture for Virtual Bridged LANs, the services provided in Virtual Bridged LANs, and the protocols and algorithms involved in the provision of those services.

Keywords: local area networks, MAC Bridge management, media access, control bridges, virtual LANs

Content +

  • 1. Overview
    • 1.1 Scope
    • 1.2 VLAN aims and benefits
    • 1.3 Relationship with IEEE 802.1D
  • 2. References
  • 3. Definitions
  • 4. Abbreviations
  • 5. Conformance
    • 5.1 Static conformance requirements
    • 5.2 Options
    • 5.3 Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS)
    • 5.4 MAC-specific bridging methods
  • 6. Support of the MAC Service in VLANs
    • 6.1 Support of the MAC service
    • 6.2 Preservation of the MAC service
    • 6.3 Quality of service maintenance
      • 6.3.1 Service availability
      • 6.3.2 Frame loss
      • 6.3.3 Frame misordering
      • 6.3.4 Frame duplication
      • 6.3.5 Transit delay
      • 6.3.6 Frame lifetime
      • 6.3.7 Undetected frame error rate
      • 6.3.8 Maximum Service Data Unit Size
      • 6.3.9 Priority
      • 6.3.10 Throughput
    • 6.4 Enhanced Internal Sublayer Service provided within VLAN Bridges
      • 6.4.1 E-ISS service definition
      • 6.4.2 Support of the E-ISS in VLAN-aware Bridges
    • 6.5 Support of the Internal Sublayer Service by IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)
  • 7. Principles of network operation
    • 7.1 Network Overview
    • 7.2 Use of VLANs
    • 7.3 VLAN Topology
    • 7.4 Locating end stations
    • 7.5 Ingress, Forwarding, and Egress Rules
  • 8. Principles of bridge operation
    • 8.1 Bridge operation
      • 8.1.1 Relay
      • 8.1.2 Filtering and relaying information
      • 8.1.3 Bridge management
    • 8.2 Bridge architecture
      • 8.2.1 Architectural model of a Bridge
      • 8.2.2 MAC Relay Entity
      • 8.2.3 Ports
      • 8.2.4 Higher Layer Entities
    • 8.3 Model of operation
    • 8.4 Port states and parameters
      • 8.4.1 Forwarding states
      • 8.4.2 Learning states
      • 8.4.3 Acceptable Frame Types
      • 8.4.4 Port VLAN identifier and VID Set
      • 8.4.5 Enable Ingress Filtering
    • 8.5 Frame reception
      • 8.5.1 Regenerating user priority
    • 8.6 The Forwarding Process
      • 8.6.1 Ingress rule checking
      • 8.6.2 Active topology enforcement
      • 8.6.3 Frame filtering
      • 8.6.4 Egress rule checking
      • 8.6.5 Queuing for transmission
      • 8.6.6 Transmission selection
      • 8.6.7 Priority mapping
      • 8.6.8 Frame formatting
      • 8.6.9 FCS recalculation
    • 8.7 Frame transmission
    • 8.8 The Learning Process
    • 8.9 VLAN classification
      • 8.9.1 Protocol Classification
      • 8.9.2 Protocol Templates
      • 8.9.3 Protocol Group Identifiers
      • 8.9.4 Protocol Group Database
    • 8.10 The Filtering Database
      • 8.10.1 Static Filtering Entries
      • 8.10.2 Static VLAN Registration Entries
      • 8.10.3 Dynamic Filtering Entries
      • 8.10.4 Group Registration Entries
      • 8.10.5 Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries
      • 8.10.6 Default Group filtering behavior
      • 8.10.7 Allocation of VIDs to FIDs
      • 8.10.8 Querying the Filtering Database
      • 8.10.9 Determination of the member set and untagged set for a VLAN
      • 8.10.10 Permanent Database
    • 8.11 MST configuration information
      • 8.11.1 MST Configuration Table
      • 8.11.2 MST Configuration Identification
      • 8.11.3 FID to MSTI Allocation Table
    • 8.12 Spanning Tree Protocol Entity and GARP Protocol Entities
    • 8.13 Bridge Management
    • 8.14 Addressing
      • 8.14.1 End stations
      • 8.14.2 Bridge Ports
      • 8.14.3 Bridge Protocol Entities and GARP Protocol Entities
      • 8.14.4 Bridge Management Entities
      • 8.14.5 Unique identification of a Bridge
      • 8.14.6 Reserved addresses
      • 8.14.7 Points of attachment and connectivity for Higher Layer Entities
  • 9. Tagged frame format
    • 9.1 Overview
    • 9.2 Transmission and representation of octets
    • 9.3 Structure of the tag header
      • 9.3.1 Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID) format
      • 9.3.2 Tag Control Information (TCI) format
      • 9.3.3 Embedded RIF format
  • 10. Use of GMRP in VLANs
    • 10.1 Definition of a VLAN Context
    • 10.2 GMRP Participants and GIP Contexts
    • 10.3 Context identification in GMRP PDUs
    • 10.4 Default Group filtering behavior and GMRP propagation
  • 11. VLAN topology management
    • 11.1 Static and dynamic VLAN configuration
    • 11.2 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol
      • 11.2.1 GVRP overview
      • 11.2.2 VLAN registration service definition
      • 11.2.3 Definition of the GVRP Application
    • 11.3 Conformance to GVRP
      • 11.3.1 Conformance to GVRP in MAC Bridges
      • 11.3.2 Conformance to GVRP in end stations
    • 11.4 Procedural model
      • 11.4.1 Purpose
      • 11.4.2 GVRP application-specific header files
      • 11.4.3 GVRP application code
  • 12. VLAN Bridge Management
    • 12.1 Management functions
      • 12.1.1 Configuration Management
      • 12.1.2 Fault Management
      • 12.1.3 Performance Management
      • 12.1.4 Security Management
      • 12.1.5 Accounting Management
    • 12.2 Managed objects
    • 12.3 Data types
    • 12.4 Bridge Management Entity
      • 12.4.1 Bridge Configuration
      • 12.4.2 Port configuration
    • 12.5 MAC entities
    • 12.6 Forwarding process
      • 12.6.1 The Port Counters
      • 12.6.2 Priority handling
      • 12.6.3 Traffic Class Table
    • 12.7 Filtering Database
      • 12.7.1 The Filtering Database
      • 12.7.2 A Static Filtering Entry
      • 12.7.3 A Dynamic Filtering Entry
      • 12.7.4 A Group Registration Entry
      • 12.7.5 A VLAN Registration Entry
      • 12.7.6 Permanent Database
      • 12.7.7 General Filtering Database operations
    • 12.8 Bridge Protocol Entity
      • 12.8.1 The Protocol Entity
      • 12.8.2 Bridge Port
    • 12.9 GARP Entities
      • 12.9.1 The GARP Timer object
      • 12.9.2 The GARP Attribute Type object
      • 12.9.3 The GARP State Machine object
    • 12.10 Bridge VLAN managed objects
      • 12.10.1 Bridge VLAN Configuration managed object
      • 12.10.2 VLAN Configuration managed object
      • 12.10.3 The VLAN Learning Constraints managed object
    • 12.11 GMRP entities
      • 12.11.1 GMRP Configuration managed object
    • 12.12 MST configuration entities
      • 12.12.1 The MSTI List
      • 12.12.2 The FID to MSTID Allocation Table
      • 12.12.3 The MST Configuration Table
  • 13. The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)
    • 13.1 Protocol Design Requirements
    • 13.2 Protocol Support Requirements
    • 13.3 MSTP Overview
      • 13.3.1 Example Topologies
    • 13.4 Relationship of MSTP to RSTP
    • 13.5 Modelling an MST Region as a single RSTP Bridge
    • 13.6 STP and RSTP compatibility
      • 13.6.1 Designated Port Selection
      • 13.6.2 Force Protocol Version
    • 13.7 MST Configuration Identification
    • 13.8 MST Regions
    • 13.9 Spanning Tree Priority Vectors
    • 13.10 CIST Priority Vector Calculations
    • 13.11 MST Priority Vector Calculations
    • 13.12 Port Role Assignments
    • 13.13 Stable Connectivity
    • 13.14 Communicating Spanning Tree Information
    • 13.15 Changing Spanning Tree Information
    • 13.16 Changing Port States
      • 13.16.1 Subtree connectivity and priority vectors
      • 13.16.2 Root Port transition to Forwarding
      • 13.16.3 Designated Port transition to Forwarding
      • 13.16.4 Master Port transition to Forwarding
    • 13.17 Updating Learned Station Location Information
    • 13.18 MSTP and point-to-point links
    • 13.19 Multiple Spanning Tree State Machines
    • 13.20 Notational Conventions used in State Diagrams
    • 13.21 State Machine Timers
    • 13.22 State Machine Performance Parameters
    • 13.23 Per-Bridge Variables
      • 13.23.1 BEGIN
      • 13.23.2 BridgeIdentifier
      • 13.23.3 CistBridgePriority
      • 13.23.4 CistBridgeTimes
      • 13.23.5 cistRootPortId
      • 13.23.6 cistRootPriority
      • 13.23.7 cistRootTimes
      • 13.23.8 MstConfigId
      • 13.23.9 MstiBridgePriority
      • 13.23.10 MstiBridgeTimes
      • 13.23.11 mstiRootPortId
      • 13.23.12 mstiRootPriority
      • 13.23.13 mstiRootTimes
    • 13.24 Per-Port Variables
      • 13.24.1 agree
      • 13.24.2 agreed
      • 13.24.3 changedMaster
      • 13.24.4 cistDesignatedPriority
      • 13.24.5 cistDesignatedTimes
      • 13.24.6 cistMsgPriority
      • 13.24.7 cistMsgTimes
      • 13.24.8 cistPortPriority
      • 13.24.9 cistPortTimes
      • 13.24.10 infoInternal
      • 13.24.11 mstiDesignatedPriority
      • 13.24.12 mstiDesignatedTimes
      • 13.24.13 mstiMaster
      • 13.24.14 mstiMastered
      • 13.24.15 mstiMsgPriority
      • 13.24.16 mstiMsgTimes
      • 13.24.17 mstiPortPriority
      • 13.24.18 mstiPortTimes
      • 13.24.19 newInfoCist
      • 13.24.20 newInfoMsti
      • 13.24.21 portId
      • 13.24.22 rcvdInternal
      • 13.24.23 rcvdInfo
      • 13.24.24 rcvdMsg
      • 13.24.25 role
      • 13.24.26 selectedRole
      • 13.24.27 sync
      • 13.24.28 synced
    • 13.25 State Machine Conditions
      • 13.25.1 allSynced
      • 13.25.2 cist
      • 13.25.3 cistRootPort
      • 13.25.4 cistDesignatedPort
      • 13.25.5 mstiRootPort
      • 13.25.6 mstiDesignatedPort
      • 13.25.7 rcvdAnyMsg
      • 13.25.8 rcvdCistInfo
      • 13.25.9 rcvdMstiInfo
      • 13.25.10 reRooted
      • 13.25.11 updtCistInfo
      • 13.25.12 updtMstiInfo
    • 13.26 State Machine Procedures
      • 13.26.1 betterorsameInfoCist()
      • 13.26.2 betterorsameInfoMsti()
      • 13.26.3 clearAllRcvdMsgs()
      • 13.26.4 clearReselectTree()
      • 13.26.5 fromSameRegion()
      • 13.26.6 newTcWhile()
      • 13.26.7 rcvInfoCist()
      • 13.26.8 rcvInfoMsti()
      • 13.26.9 recordAgreementCist()
      • 13.26.10 recordAgreementMsti()
      • 13.26.11 recordMasteredCist()
      • 13.26.12 recordMasteredMsti()
      • 13.26.13 recordProposalCist()
      • 13.26.14 recordProposalMsti()
      • 13.26.15 setRcvdMsgs()
      • 13.26.16 setReRootTree()
      • 13.26.17 setSelectedTree()
      • 13.26.18 setSyncTree()
      • 13.26.19 setTcFlags()
      • 13.26.20 setTcPropTree()
      • 13.26.21 txConfig()
      • 13.26.22 txMstp()
      • 13.26.23 updtRcvdInfoWhileCist()
      • 13.26.24 updtRcvdInfoWhileMsti()
      • 13.26.25 updtRolesCist()
      • 13.26.26 updtRolesMsti()
      • 13.26.27 updtRolesDisabledTree()
    • 13.27 The Port Timers state machine
    • 13.28 Port Receive state machine
    • 13.29 Port Protocol Migration state machine
    • 13.30 Port Transmit state machine
    • 13.31 Port Information state machine
    • 13.32 Port Role Selection state machine
    • 13.33 Port Role Transitions state machine
    • 13.34 Port State Transition state machine
    • 13.35 Topology Change state machine
    • 13.36 Performance
      • 13.36.1 Internal Port Path Costs
  • 14. Use of BPDUs by MSTP
    • 14.1 BPDU Structure
      • 14.1.1 Transmission and representation of octets
      • 14.1.2 Components
    • 14.2 Encoding of parameter types
      • 14.2.1 Encoding of Port Role values
      • 14.2.2 Allocation and encoding of Bridge Identifiers
      • 14.2.3 Allocation and encoding of Port Identifiers
      • 14.2.4 Encoding of External Root Path Cost
      • 14.2.5 Encoding of Internal Root Path Cost
      • 14.2.6 Encoding of Hop Counts
    • 14.3 BPDU formats and parameters
      • 14.3.1 STP BPDUs
      • 14.3.2 RST BPDUs
      • 14.3.3 MST BPDUs
    • 14.4 Validation of received BPDUs
    • 14.5 Transmission of BPDUs
    • 14.6 Encoding and decoding of STP Configuration, RST, and MST BPDUs
      • 14.6.1 MSTI Configuration Messages
  • Annex A PICS proforma
    • A.1 Introduction
    • A.2 Abbreviations and special symbols
      • A.2.1 Status symbols
      • A.2.2 General abbreviations
    • A.3 Instructions for completing the PICS proforma
      • A.3.1 General structure of the PICS proforma
      • A.3.2 Additional information
      • A.3.3 Exception information
      • A.3.4 Conditional status
    • A.4 PICS proforma for IEEE Std 802.1Q, 2003 Edition
      • A.4.1 Implementation identification
      • A.4.2 Protocol summary, IEEE Std 802.1Q, 2003 Edition
    • A.5 Major capabilities and options
    • A.6 Relay and filtering of frames
    • A.7 Maintenance of filtering entries in the Filtering Database
    • A.8 Addressing
    • A.9 Spanning Tree Algorithm
    • A.10 Rapid Spanning Tree Algorithm
    • A.11 Multiple Spanning Tree Algorithm
    • A.12 Bridge Management
    • A.13 Performance
    • A.14 GARP and GMRP
    • A.15 VLAN support
  • Annex B Shared and Independent VLAN Learning
    • B.1 Requirements for Shared and Independent Learning
      • B.1.1 Connecting independent VLANs
      • B.1.2 Duplicate MAC Addresses
      • B.1.3 Asymmetric VLANs
      • B.1.4 Generic constraints on SVL and IVL use
    • B.2 Configuring the Global VLAN Learning Constraints
    • B.3 Interoperability
  • Annex C MAC method dependent aspects of VLAN support
    • C.1 The variables
    • C.2 Bridging functions
      • C.2.1 Bridging function B1
      • C.2.2 Bridging function B2
      • C.2.3 Bridging function B3
      • C.2.4 Bridging function B4
      • C.2.5 Bridging function B5
      • C.2.6 Bridging function B6
    • C.3 Frame formats
      • C.3.1 Structure of the tagged frame
      • C.3.2 Frame formats by service type
      • C.3.3 Frame formats by MAC method type and tagging method
    • C.4 Procedures for tagging, untagging, and relaying tagged frames
      • C.4.1 Tagging
      • C.4.2 Untagging
      • C.4.3 Relaying tagged frames
      • C.4.4 Padding and frame size considerations
    • C.5 Frame translations for different MAC methods
      • C.5.1 Tagging of untagged 802.3/Ethernet frames
      • C.5.2 Translation of untagged Token Ring/FDDI frames
      • C.5.3 Translation of tagged frames during relaying
    • C.6 Field definitions
      • C.6.1 SNAP-encoded Protocol Type
      • C.6.2 Len
      • C.6.3 C-Data and N-Data
      • C.6.4 RIF and E-RIF
      • C.6.5 PAD
  • Annex D Background to VLANs
    • D.1 Basic VLAN concepts
      • D.1.1 Trunk Links
      • D.1.2 Access Links
      • D.1.3 Hybrid Links
    • D.2 Relationship of other VLAN styles to the Port-based VLAN model
      • D.2.1 Link types
      • D.2.2 Use of other VLAN styles
    • D.3 Example configurations for the Port-and-protocol-based VLAN model
      • D.3.1 Example of per-protocol control
      • D.3.2 Protocol-based frame filtering
  • Annex E Interoperability considerations
    • E.1 Requirements for interoperability
      • E.1.1 Static filtering requirements
      • E.1.2 Configuration requirements for VLAN-tagging
    • E.2 Homogenous 802.1Q Bridged LANs
      • E.2.1 Consistency of static VLAN filtering
      • E.2.2 Consistent view of the “untagged VLAN(s)” on a given LAN segment
    • E.3 Heterogeneous Bridged LANs: intermixing IEEE Std 802.1D (D) and 802.1Q (Q) Bridges
      • E.3.1 Example: Adding an 802.1Q Bridge to provide filtering to an 802.1D network
      • E.3.2 Example: Adding an IEEE Std 802.1D Bridge to a (previously) Homogenous 802.1Q Network
    • E.4 Heterogeneous Bridged LANs: intermixing IEEE Std 802.1H and 802.1Q Bridges
      • E.4.1 LLC-encoded tagged frames relayed from 802.3/Ethernet to Token Ring or source-routed FDDI
      • E.4.2 Ethernet Type-encoded tagged frames relayed from 802.3/Ethernet to Token Ring or source-routed FDDI
      • E.4.3 LLC-encoded tagged frames relayed from Token Ring or source-routed FDDI to 802.3/Ethernet
      • E.4.4 Ethernet Type-encoded tagged frames relayed from Token Ring or source-routed FDDI to 802.3/Ethernet
      • E.4.5 Conclusions
    • E.5 Heterogeneous Bridged LANs: intermixing 802.1Q Bridges with IEEE Std 802.1D Bridges
    • E.6 Intermixing Port-based classification and Port-and-Protocol-based classification or future enhancements in 802.1Q
      • E.6.1 Example: Intermixing Protocol-based Ingress Rules
      • E.6.2 Differing views of untagged traffic on a given LAN segment
  • Annex F Frame translation considerations
  • Annex G Differences between MSTP and RSTP (802.1w) state machines

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