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IEEE Std 15802-3: 1998 ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition Information technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Common specifications—Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges -Description

Abstract: The concept of Media Access Control (MAC) Bridging,introduced in the 1993 edition of this standard, has been expanded to define additional capabilities in Bridged LANs aimed at providing for expedited traffic capabilities, to support the transmission of time-critical information in a LAN environment; and providing filtering services that support the dynamic use of Group MAC Addresses in a LAN environment.

Keywords: local area networks, MAC Bridge management, MAC bridges, media access control (MAC) bridges, multicast address filtering, traffic class expediting

Content +

  • 1. Overview
    • 1.1 Introduction
    • 1.2 Scope
  • 2. References
  • 3. Definitions
    • 3.1 Bridged Local Area Network
    • 3.2 Expedited traffic
    • 3.3 Group
    • 3.4 IEEE 802 Local Area Network (LAN)
  • 4. Abbreviations
  • 5. Conformance
    • 5.1 Static conformance requirements
    • 5.2 Options
    • 5.3 Protocol Implementation ConformanceStatement (PICS) proforma
    • 5.4 Recommendations
      • 5.4.1 Management
    • 5.5 MAC-specific bridging methods
  • 6. Support of the MAC Service
    • 6.1 Support of the MAC Service
    • 6.2 Preservation of the MAC Service
    • 6.3 Quality of service maintenance
      • 6.3.1 Service availability
      • 6.3.2 Frame loss
      • 6.3.3 Frame misordering
      • 6.3.4 Frame duplication
      • 6.3.5 Transit delay
      • 6.3.6 Frame lifetime
      • 6.3.7 Undetected frame error rate
      • 6.3.8 Maximum Service Data Unit Size
      • 6.3.9 Priority
      • 6.3.10 Throughput
    • 6.4 Internal Sublayer Service provided within the MAC Bridge
    • 6.5 Support of the Internal Sublayer Service by specific MAC procedures
      • 6.5.1 Support by IEEE Std 802.3 (CSMA/CD)
      • 6.5.2 Support by ISO/IEC 8802-4 (token-passing bus)
      • 6.5.3 Support by ISO/IEC 8802-5 (token-passing ring)
      • 6.5.4 Support by fibre distributed data interface (FDDI)
      • 6.5.5 Support by ISO/IEC 8802-6 (Distributed Queue Dual Bus)
      • 6.5.6 Support by IEEE Std 802.11 (Wireless LANs)
      • 6.5.7 Support by ISO/IEC 8802-12 (Demand Priority)
    • 6.6 Filtering services in Bridged LANs
      • 6.6.1 Purpose(s) of filtering service provision
      • 6.6.2 Goals of filtering service provision
      • 6.6.3 Users of filtering services
      • 6.6.4 Basis of service
      • 6.6.5 Categories of service
      • 6.6.6 Service configuration
      • 6.6.7 Service definition for Extended Filtering Services
  • 7. Principles of operation
    • 7.1 Bridge operation
      • 7.1.1 Relay
      • 7.1.2 Filtering and relaying information
      • 7.1.3 Bridge Management
    • 7.2 Bridge architecture
      • 7.2.1 Architectural model of a Bridge
      • 7.2.2 MAC Relay Entity
      • 7.2.3 Ports
      • 7.2.4 Higher Layer Entities
    • 7.3 Model of operation
    • 7.4 Port States, Active Ports, and the active topology
    • 7.5 Frame reception
      • 7.5.1 Regenerating user priority
    • 7.6 Frame transmission
    • 7.7 The Forwarding Process
      • 7.7.1 Enforcing topology restriction
      • 7.7.2 Filtering frames
      • 7.7.3 Queuing frames
      • 7.7.4 Selecting frames for transmission
      • 7.7.5 Mapping priority
      • 7.7.6 Recalculating FCS
    • 7.8 The Learning Process
    • 7.9 The Filtering Database
      • 7.9.1 Static Filtering Entries
      • 7.9.2 Dynamic Filtering Entries
      • 7.9.3 Group Registration Entries
      • 7.9.4 Default Group filtering behavior
      • 7.9.5 Querying the Filtering Database
      • 7.9.6 Permanent Database
    • 7.10 Bridge Protocol Entity and GARP Protocol Entities
    • 7.11 Bridge Management
    • 7.12 Addressing
      • 7.12.1 End stations
      • 7.12.2 Bridge Ports
      • 7.12.3 Bridge Protocol Entities and GARP Protocol Entities
      • 7.12.4 Bridge Management Entities
      • 7.12.5 Unique identification of a Bridge
      • 7.12.6 Reserved addresses
      • 7.12.7 Points of attachment and connectivity for Higher Layer Entities
  • 8. The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol
    • 8.1 Requirements to be met by the algorithm
    • 8.2 Requirements of the MAC Bridges
    • 8.3 Overview
      • 8.3.1 The active topology and its computation
      • 8.3.2 Propagating the topology information
      • 8.3.3 Reconfiguration
      • 8.3.4 Changing Port State
      • 8.3.5 Notifying topology changes
    • 8.4 Port States
      • 8.4.1 Blocking
      • 8.4.2 Listening
      • 8.4.3 Learning
      • 8.4.4 Forwarding
      • 8.4.5 Disabled
    • 8.5 Protocol parameters and timers
      • 8.5.1 Configuration BPDU parameters
      • 8.5.2 Topology Change Notification BPDU parameters
      • 8.5.3 Bridge parameters
      • 8.5.4 Bridge timers
      • 8.5.5 Port parameters
      • 8.5.6 Port timers
    • 8.6 Elements of procedure
      • 8.6.1 Transmit Configuration BPDU
      • 8.6.2 Record Configuration Information
      • 8.6.3 Record Configuration Timeout Values
      • 8.6.4 Configuration BPDU Generation
      • 8.6.5 Reply to Configuration BPDU
      • 8.6.6 Transmit Topology Change Notification BPDU
      • 8.6.7 Configuration Update
      • 8.6.8 Root selection
      • 8.6.9 Designated Port selection
      • 8.6.10 Become Designated Port
      • 8.6.11 Port State selection
      • 8.6.12 Make forwarding
      • 8.6.13 Make blocking
      • 8.6.14 Topology change detection
      • 8.6.15 Topology change acknowledged
      • 8.6.16 Acknowledge topology change
    • 8.7 Operation of the protocol
      • 8.7.1 Received Configuration BPDU
      • 8.7.2 Received Topology Change Notification BPDU
      • 8.7.3 Hello Timer expiry
      • 8.7.4 Message Age Timer expiry
      • 8.7.5 Forward Delay Timer expiry
      • 8.7.6 Topology Change Notification Timer Expiry
      • 8.7.7 Topology Change timer
      • 8.7.8 Hold Timer expiry
    • 8.8 Management of the Bridge Protocol Entity
      • 8.8.1 Initialization
      • 8.8.2 Enable Port
      • 8.8.3 Disable Port
      • 8.8.4 Set Bridge Priority
      • 8.8.5 Set Port Priority
      • 8.8.6 Set Path Cost
      • 8.8.7 Enable Change Detection
      • 8.8.8 Disable Change Detection
    • 8.9 Procedural model
      • 8.9.1 Overview
    • 8.10 Performance
      • 8.10.1 Requirements
      • 8.10.2 Parameter values
  • 9. Encoding of Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs)
    • 9.1 Structure
      • 9.1.1 Transmission and representation of octets
      • 9.1.2 Components
    • 9.2 Encoding of parameter types
      • 9.2.1 Encoding of Protocol Identifiers
      • 9.2.2 Encoding of Protocol Version Identifiers
      • 9.2.3 Encoding of BPDU types
      • 9.2.4 Encoding of flags
      • 9.2.5 Encoding of Bridge Identifiers
      • 9.2.6 Encoding of Root Path Cost
      • 9.2.7 Encoding of Port Identifiers
      • 9.2.8 Encoding of Timer Values
    • 9.3 BPDU formats and parameters
      • 9.3.1 Configuration BPDUs
      • 9.3.2 Topology Change Notification BPDUs
      • 9.3.3 Validation of received BPDUs
  • 10. GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP)
    • 10.1 Purpose
    • 10.2 Model of operation
      • 10.2.1 Propagation of Group Membership information
      • 10.2.2 Propagation of Group service requirement information
      • 10.2.3 Source pruning
      • 10.2.4 Use of Group service requirement registration by end stations
    • 10.3 Definition of the GMRP Application
      • 10.3.1 Definition of GARP protocol elements
      • 10.3.2 Provision and support of Extended Filtering Services
      • 10.3.3 Procedural model
    • 10.4 Conformance to GMRP
      • 10.4.1 Conformance to GMRP in MAC Bridges
      • 10.4.2 Conformance to GMRP in end stations
  • 11. Example “C” code implementation of GMRP
    • 11.1 Purpose
    • 11.2 GMRP application-specific header files
      • 11.2.1 gmr.h
      • 11.2.2 gmd.h
      • 11.2.3 gmf.h
      • 11.2.4 fdb.h
    • 11.3 GMRP application code
      • 11.3.1 gmr.c
  • 12. Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP)
    • 12.1 Purpose
    • 12.2 Overview of GARP operation
    • 12.3 GARP architecture
      • 12.3.1 The GARP Application component
      • 12.3.2 GID
      • 12.3.3 GIP
      • 12.3.4 GARP Information Propagation Context
    • 12.4 Requirements to be met by GARP
    • 12.5 Requirements for interoperability between GARP Participants
    • 12.6 Conformance to GARP Applications
    • 12.7 Overview of GARP protocol operation
      • 12.7.1 Basic notions
      • 12.7.2 GARP messages
      • 12.7.3 Applicant and Registrar
      • 12.7.4 Registrar behavior
      • 12.7.5 Applicant behavior
      • 12.7.6 The Leave All protocol component
      • 12.7.7 Applicant Only Participants
      • 12.7.8 Simple Applicant Participants
      • 12.7.9 Choice of Applicant Only Participant or Simple Applicant Participant
    • 12.8 State machine descriptions
      • 12.8.1 Applicant state machine
      • 12.8.2 Registrar state machine
      • 12.8.3 Leave All state machine
      • 12.8.4 Combined Applicant/Registrar state machine
      • 12.8.5 Applicant Only GARP Participant
      • 12.8.6 Simple Applicant Participant
    • 12.9 Administrative controls
      • 12.9.1 Registrar Administrative Control values
      • 12.9.2 Applicant Administrative Control values
    • 12.10 Procedures
      • 12.10.1 Discarding badly formed GARP PDUs
      • 12.10.2 Protocol parameters and timers
      • 12.10.3 Protocol event definitions
      • 12.10.4 Action definitions
      • 12.10.5 Example “C” code implementation of GARP
      • 12.10.6 Bridge Management
      • 12.10.7 Management protocol
      • 12.10.8 Bridge performance
  • Annex A PICS proforma
    • A.1 Introduction
    • A.2 Abbreviations and special symbols
      • A.2.1 Status symbols
      • A.2.2 General abbreviations
    • A.3 Instructions for completing the PICS proforma
      • A.3.1 General structure of the PICS proforma
      • A.3.2 Additional information
      • A.3.3 Exception information
      • A.3.4 Conditional status
    • A.4 PICS proforma for IEEE Std 802.1D-1998
      • A.4.1 Implementation identification
      • A.4.2 Protocol summary, IEEE Std 802.1D-1998
    • A.5 Major capabilities and options
    • A.6 Relay and filtering of frames
    • A.7 Maintenance of filtering entries in the Filtering Database
    • A.8 Addressing
    • A.9 Spanning Tree Algorithm
    • A.10 Bridge Management
    • A.11 Performance
    • A.12 GARP and GMRP
  • Annex B Calculating Spanning Tree parameters
    • B.1 Overview
    • B.2 Abbreviations and special symbols
    • B.3 Calculation
      • B.3.1 Lifetime, diameter, and transit delay
      • B.3.2 Transmission of BPDUs
      • B.3.3 Accuracy of message age
      • B.3.4 Hello time
      • B.3.5 Bridge protocol message propagation time
      • B.3.6 Hold time
      • B.3.7 Max age
      • B.3.8 Forward delay
    • B.4 Selection of parameter ranges
      • B.4.1 Absolute maximum values
      • B.4.2 Hold time
      • B.4.3 Range of hello time
      • B.4.4 Maximum required values of max age and forward delay
      • B.4.5 Minimum values for max age and forward delay
      • B.4.6 Relationship between max age and forward delay
  • Annex C Source-Routing Transparent Bridge operation
    • C.1 Overview
      • C.1.1 Scope
      • C.1.2 Definitions
      • C.1.3 Conformance
    • C.2 Support of the MAC Service
      • C.2.1 Support of the MAC Service
      • C.2.2 Preservation of the MAC Service
      • C.2.3 Quality of Service maintenance
      • C.2.4 Internal sublayer service
      • C.2.5 Support of the Internal Sublayer Service
    • C.3 Principles of operation
      • C.3.1 Source-routing bridge operation
      • C.3.2 Bridge architecture
      • C.3.3 Bridge operation
      • C.3.4 Port state information
      • C.3.5 Frame reception
      • C.3.6 Frame transmission
      • C.3.7 Frame forwarding
      • C.3.8 Addressing
    • C.4 Bridge Management
      • C.4.1 Bridge Management Entity
      • C.4.2 Forwarding Process
      • C.4.3 SRT Bridge Management Entity
      • C.4.4 SRT Bridge Port Pair Database
  • Annex D PICS proforma for Source-Routing Transparent Bridge operation
    • D.1 Introduction
    • D.2 Relay and filtering of frames
    • D.3 Bridge numbers and LAN Ids
    • D.4 Bridge Management
  • Annex E Allocation of Object Identifier values
    • E.1 Introduction
    • E.2 Allocation Tables
  • Annex F Target topology, migration, and interoperability
    • F.1 Target topology
    • F.2 Migration considerations
      • F.2.1 Heterogeneous Bridge environments
      • F.2.2 Heterogeneous end station environments
      • F.2.3 Interoperability with higher-layer multicast protocols and related issues
    • G.1 Preserving the integrity of FCS fields in MAC Bridges
      • G.1.1 Background
      • G.1.2 Basic mathematical ideas behind CRC and FCS
      • G.1.3 Detection Lossless Circuit approach
      • G.1.4 Algorithmic modification of an FCS
      • G.1.5 Conclusions
  • Annex H Design considerations for Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering
    • H.1 Generic Attribute Registration Protocol
      • H.1.1 Use of an unconfirmed protocol
      • H.1.2 Design of the Applicant state machine
      • H.1.3 Design of the Registrar state machine
      • H.1.4 Analysis of GARP state machine operation
    • H.2 User priorities and traffic classes
      • H.2.1 Goals
      • H.2.2 Traffic types
      • H.2.3 What are we managing?
      • H.2.4 Traffic type to traffic class mapping
      • H.2.5 Traffic types and user priority values

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