IEEE Std 1194-1991 IEEE Standard for Backplane Electrical Performance -Description

Abstract: The proper treatment of the electrical elements of the backplane that provides a physical and electrical connection between different modules in a computer system is covered. Techniques for measuring impedance, capacitance, and crosstalk are provided; and crosstalk, ground bounce, and decoupling are discussed. Relationships among the key elements controlling backplane performance, such as driver and receiver characteristics, the distance of the driver and receiver from the backplane, the impedance of the bus traces treated as transmission lines, lumped elements such as connectors and vias, and the termination are examined.

Keywords: backplane, backplane bus, bus, high-performance backplanes, low-performance backplanes, measurement techniques, medium-performance backplanes, transmission lines

Content

• 1. Scope
• 2. Conventions Used in This Standard
• 3. Measurement Techniques
• • 3.1 Impedance Measurement Techniques
  • 3.2 Capacitance Measurement Techniques
• 4. Noise Evaluation and Solutions
• • 4.1 Ground Bounce
  • 4.2 Crosstalk
  • 4.3 Crosstalk Measurement
• 5. Decoupling Techniques
• 6. Noise Margin Calculations and Backplane System Design Constraints
• • 6.1 Summary of Transmission Line Theory as It Applies to Backplane Design
  • 6.2 Derivation of Critical Relationships
  • • 6.2.1 Case 1—High-to Low-Transition Driving From the End
    • 6.2.2 Case 2—High-to-Low Transition Driving From the Middle
    • 6.2.3 Case 3—Low-to-High Transition Driving From the Middle of a Fully Loaded Section
    • 6.2.4 Case 4 —Low-to-High Transition Driving From the End
    • 6.2.5 Case 5—Low-to-High Transition Driving From the Middle
    • 6.2.6 Case 6—High-to-Low Transition Driving From the Middle, Receiving Anywhere Along the Line
    • 6.2.7 Case 7—Low-to-High Transition Driving From the Middle of a Partially Loaded Backplane, Receiving at the Loaded-to-Unloaded Interface
    • 6.2.8 Discussion of Switching During the Reflected Signals
  • 6.3 Stub Length Calculation (length of trace on plug-in board)
  • • 6.3.1 Calculating Stub Length by Maximum Capacitance
    • 6.3.2 Calculating Stub Length by Edge Rate and Reflection
• 7. Bibliography

links: [Standard Status] - [Purchase] - [PDF^*] - [Bus Architecture Collection - Description]

available for Standards Online Bus Architecture Collection subscribers only